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1.
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Which
term refers to physical characteristics that are studied in genetics?
a. traits b. offspring
c. generations d. hybrids
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2.
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What
did Gregor Mendel do to study different characteristics in his genetics
experiments?
a. He studied only asexual animals. b. He
studied only self-pollinating plants. c. He cross-pollinated plants.
d. He cross-pollinated animals.
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3.
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In
Mendel's experiments, what proportion of the plants in the F2 generation had a trait that
had been absent in the F1 generation?
a. none b. one fourth c. half
d. three fourths
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4.
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What
do scientists today call the factors that control traits?
a. genes b. purebreds c. recessives
d. parents
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5.
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The
different forms of a gene are called
a. alleles.
b. factors c. masks. d. traits.
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6.
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Scientists call an organism that has two different alleles for a trait
a
a. hybrid. b. cross. c. purebred.
d. factor.
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7.
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What
does the notation TT mean to geneticists?
a. two
dominant alleles b. two recessive alleles c. at least one dominant
allele d. one dominant and one recessive allele
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8.
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What
does the notation tt mean to geneticists?
a. two
dominant alleles b. two recessive alleles c. at least one dominant
allele d. one dominant and one recessive allele
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9.
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What
does the notation Tt mean to geneticists?
a. two
dominant alleles b. two recessive alleles c. at least one recessive
allele d. one dominant allele and one recessive allele
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10.
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Probability is the
a. actual result from a series of
events. b. likelihood that a particular event will occur. c. way
the results of one event affect the next event. d. number of times a tossed coin
lands heads up.
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11.
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What
was the probability of Mendel producing a tall plant from a genetic cross of two hybrid tall
plants?
a. one in four b. two in four
c. three in four d. four in four
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12.
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What
does a Punnett square show?
a. all the possible outcomes of a genetic
cross b. only the dominant alleles in a genetic cross c. only the
recessive alleles in a genetic cross d. all of Mendel's discoveries about genetic
crosses
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13.
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If a
homozygous black guinea pig (BB) is crossed with a homozygous white guinea pig (bb),
what is the probability that an offspring will have black fur?
a. 25
percent b. 50 percent c. 75 percent d. 100
percent
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14.
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An
organism's physical appearance is its
a. genotype. b. phenotype.
c. codominance. d. probability.
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15.
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An
organism's genotype is its
a. genetic makeup. b. feather
color. c. physical appearance. d. stem height.
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16.
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An
organism that has two identical alleles for a trait is
a. codominant. b. hybrid.
c. homozygous. d. heterozygous.
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17.
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A
heterozygous organism has
a. three different alleles for a trait.
b. two identical alleles for a trait. c. only one allele for a
trait. d. two different alleles for a trait.
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18.
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What
does codominance mean in genetics?
a. Both alleles for a trait are
dominant. b. Both alleles for a trait are recessive. c. The alleles
for a trait are neither dominant nor recessive. d. Each allele for a trait is both
dominant and recessive.
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19.
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What
is the chromosome theory of inheritance?
a. Chromosomes are carried from parents to offspring on hybrids.
b. Genes are carried from parents to offspring on chromosomes. c. Hybrid pairs
of chromosomes combine to form offspring. d. Codominant genes combine to form new
hybrids.
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20.
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Walter Sutton discovered that the sex cells of grasshoppers have
exactly
a. 12 times the number of chromosomes found in the body
cells. b. twice the number of chromosomes found in the body cells.
c. the same number of chromosomes found in the body cells. d. half the number
of chromosomes found in the body cells.
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21.
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What
happens during meiosis?
a. Each sex cell loses half of its
chromosomes. b. Chromosome pairs separate to form new sex cells.
c. Each sex cell copies itself to form four new chromosomes. d. Chromosome
pairs remain together when new sex cells are formed.
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22.
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When
sex cells combine to produce offspring, each sex cell contributes
a. one
fourth of the normal number of chromosomes. b. half the normal number of
chromosomes. c. the normal number of chromosomes. d. twice the
normal number of chromosomes.
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23.
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The
genetic code is the
a. order of nitrogen bases along a gene.
b. number of nitrogen bases in a DNA molecule. c. order of amino acids in a
protein. d. number of guanine and cytosine bases in a chromosome.
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24.
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A
mutation is any change
a. that is harmful to an organism. b. in
a gene or chromosome. c. that is helpful to an organism. d. in the
phenotype of a cell.
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25.
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A
mutation is harmful to an organism if it
a. changes
the DNA of the organism. b. changes the phenotype of the organism.
c. reduces the organism's chances for survival and reproduction. d. makes the
organism better able to avoid predators.
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